**Course Title:** Comprehensive Java Programming: From Basics to Advanced Concepts **Section Title:** Control Flow Statements in Java **Topic:** Implement programs using loops and conditionals to solve practical problems.(Lab topic) **Objective:** In this lab topic, we will apply the concepts of loops and conditionals to solve real-world problems. Students will learn how to design and implement programs that use loops and conditionals to make decisions and perform repetitive tasks. **Practical Problem 1:** FizzBuzz Program Create a program that prints the numbers from 1 to 100, but for multiples of three, print "Fizz" instead of the number, and for multiples of five, print "Buzz". For numbers which are multiples of both three and five, print "FizzBuzz". ```java public class FizzBuzz { public static void main(String[] args) { for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++) { if (i % 3 == 0 && i % 5 == 0) { System.out.println("FizzBuzz"); } else if (i % 3 == 0) { System.out.println("Fizz"); } else if (i % 5 == 0) { System.out.println("Buzz"); } else { System.out.println(i); } } } } ``` **Practical Problem 2:** Password Validation Create a program that validates a user's password based on the following conditions: * The password must be at least 8 characters long. * The password must contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, and one digit. * The password must not contain the word "password". ```java import java.util.Scanner; public class PasswordValidator { public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter your password:"); String password = scanner.nextLine(); if (password.length() < 8) { System.out.println("Password is too short. It must be at least 8 characters long."); } else if (!hasUppercase(password) || !hasLowercase(password) || !hasDigit(password)) { System.out.println("Password must contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, and one digit."); } else if (password.toLowerCase().contains("password")) { System.out.println("Password cannot contain the word 'password'."); } else { System.out.println("Password is valid."); } } public static boolean hasUppercase(String password) { for (char c : password.toCharArray()) { if (Character.isUpperCase(c)) { return true; } } return false; } public static boolean hasLowercase(String password) { for (char c : password.toCharArray()) { if (Character.isLowerCase(c)) { return true; } } return false; } public static boolean hasDigit(String password) { for (char c : password.toCharArray()) { if (Character.isDigit(c)) { return true; } } return false; } } ``` **Practical Problem 3:** Guessing Game Create a program that generates a random number between 1 and 100 and asks the user to guess the number. For each guess, the program should print a message indicating whether the guess is higher or lower than the actual number. ```java import java.util.Random; import java.util.Scanner; public class GuessingGame { public static void main(String[] args) { Random random = new Random(); int numberToGuess = random.nextInt(100) + 1; Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); int attempts = 0; boolean guessed = false; while (!guessed) { System.out.println("Enter your guess:"); int guess = scanner.nextInt(); attempts++; if (guess < numberToGuess) { System.out.println("Too low! Try again."); } else if (guess > numberToGuess) { System.out.println("Too high! Try again."); } else { System.out.println(" Congratulations! You guessed the number in " + attempts + " attempts."); guessed = true; } } } } ``` **Key Concepts:** * Loops (for, while, do-while) * Conditionals (if-else, switch-case) * Logical operators (&&, ||, !) * Comparison operators (==, !=, >, <, >=, <=) **Practical Takeaways:** * Use loops and conditionals to control the flow of your program. * Use logical operators to combine multiple conditions. * Use comparison operators to evaluate conditions. **Leave a Comment/Ask for Help:** If you have any questions or need help with any of the practical problems, please leave a comment below. **References:** * [Java Tutorials by Oracle](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/) * [Java API Documentation](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/) * [GeeksforGeeks Java Tutorial](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/java-tutorial/)