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About Developer

Khamisi Kibet

Khamisi Kibet

Software Developer

I am a computer scientist, software developer, and YouTuber, as well as the developer of this website, spinncode.com. I create content to help others learn and grow in the field of software development.

If you enjoy my work, please consider supporting me on platforms like Patreon or subscribing to my YouTube channel. I am also open to job opportunities and collaborations in software development. Let's build something amazing together!

  • Email

    infor@spinncode.com

  • Location

    Nairobi, Kenya
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7 Months ago | 50 views

**Course Title:** HTML & Web Development Fundamentals: Building Modern Websites **Section Title:** Integrating CSS with HTML **Topic:** What is CSS? Linking CSS to HTML using `<link>` and `<style>`. **Introduction to CSS** CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a styling language used to control the layout and visual appearance of web pages written in HTML or XML. CSS is an essential part of web development, allowing you to separate presentation from structure and create visually appealing, user-friendly websites. **Why Use CSS?** CSS has many benefits, including: 1. **Separation of Concerns**: CSS allows you to separate presentation from structure, making it easier to maintain and update your website. 2. **Consistency**: CSS enables you to define styles once and apply them consistently throughout your website. 3. **Flexibility**: CSS provides a wide range of styling options, allowing you to create unique and visually appealing designs. **What is CSS Used For?** CSS is used to control various aspects of web page design, including: 1. **Layout**: CSS is used to define the positioning and arrangement of elements on a web page. 2. **Visual Appearance**: CSS is used to define the visual appearance of elements, including color, font, and background images. 3. **Responsive Design**: CSS is used to create responsive designs that adapt to different screen sizes and devices. **Linking CSS to HTML** To link CSS to HTML, you can use the `<link>` or `<style>` tags. ### Using the `<link>` Tag The `<link>` tag is used to link an external stylesheet to an HTML document. The `<link>` tag is typically placed in the `<head>` section of the HTML document. ```html <head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css"> </head> ``` * `rel="stylesheet"`: specifies the relationship between the HTML document and the stylesheet. * `type="text/css"`: specifies the type of stylesheet being linked. * `href="style.css"`: specifies the URL of the stylesheet. ### Using the `<style>` Tag The `<style>` tag is used to define internal stylesheets in an HTML document. The `<style>` tag is typically placed in the `<head>` section of the HTML document. ```html <head> <style> body { background-color: #f2f2f2; } h1 { color: blue; } </style> </head> ``` In this example, the `<style>` tag is used to define a basic stylesheet that sets the background color of the body to a light gray and the text color of headings to blue. **Best Practices for Linking CSS to HTML** 1. **Use External Stylesheets**: whenever possible, use external stylesheets instead of internal stylesheets to keep your CSS and HTML code separate. 2. **Use a Consistent Naming Convention**: use a consistent naming convention for your CSS files to make them easier to identify. 3. **Avoid Using Inline Styles**: avoid using inline styles (styles applied directly to HTML elements using the `style` attribute) as they can make your HTML code harder to read and maintain. **Conclusion** In conclusion, CSS is a powerful styling language that allows you to control the layout and visual appearance of web pages written in HTML or XML. By linking CSS to HTML using the `<link>` or `<style>` tags, you can create visually appealing, user-friendly websites that are easy to maintain and update. **Additional Resources** * [Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) - CSS Documentation](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) * [W3Schools - CSS Tutorial](https://www.w3schools.com/css/) We encourage you to try out the examples provided in this topic and experiment with different CSS styles and layouts. **Please comment below if you have any questions or need further clarification on any of the concepts covered in this topic.** Next topic: [Inline, internal, and external stylesheets.](https://...)
Course

Introduction to CSS and Linking CSS to HTML

**Course Title:** HTML & Web Development Fundamentals: Building Modern Websites **Section Title:** Integrating CSS with HTML **Topic:** What is CSS? Linking CSS to HTML using `<link>` and `<style>`. **Introduction to CSS** CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a styling language used to control the layout and visual appearance of web pages written in HTML or XML. CSS is an essential part of web development, allowing you to separate presentation from structure and create visually appealing, user-friendly websites. **Why Use CSS?** CSS has many benefits, including: 1. **Separation of Concerns**: CSS allows you to separate presentation from structure, making it easier to maintain and update your website. 2. **Consistency**: CSS enables you to define styles once and apply them consistently throughout your website. 3. **Flexibility**: CSS provides a wide range of styling options, allowing you to create unique and visually appealing designs. **What is CSS Used For?** CSS is used to control various aspects of web page design, including: 1. **Layout**: CSS is used to define the positioning and arrangement of elements on a web page. 2. **Visual Appearance**: CSS is used to define the visual appearance of elements, including color, font, and background images. 3. **Responsive Design**: CSS is used to create responsive designs that adapt to different screen sizes and devices. **Linking CSS to HTML** To link CSS to HTML, you can use the `<link>` or `<style>` tags. ### Using the `<link>` Tag The `<link>` tag is used to link an external stylesheet to an HTML document. The `<link>` tag is typically placed in the `<head>` section of the HTML document. ```html <head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css"> </head> ``` * `rel="stylesheet"`: specifies the relationship between the HTML document and the stylesheet. * `type="text/css"`: specifies the type of stylesheet being linked. * `href="style.css"`: specifies the URL of the stylesheet. ### Using the `<style>` Tag The `<style>` tag is used to define internal stylesheets in an HTML document. The `<style>` tag is typically placed in the `<head>` section of the HTML document. ```html <head> <style> body { background-color: #f2f2f2; } h1 { color: blue; } </style> </head> ``` In this example, the `<style>` tag is used to define a basic stylesheet that sets the background color of the body to a light gray and the text color of headings to blue. **Best Practices for Linking CSS to HTML** 1. **Use External Stylesheets**: whenever possible, use external stylesheets instead of internal stylesheets to keep your CSS and HTML code separate. 2. **Use a Consistent Naming Convention**: use a consistent naming convention for your CSS files to make them easier to identify. 3. **Avoid Using Inline Styles**: avoid using inline styles (styles applied directly to HTML elements using the `style` attribute) as they can make your HTML code harder to read and maintain. **Conclusion** In conclusion, CSS is a powerful styling language that allows you to control the layout and visual appearance of web pages written in HTML or XML. By linking CSS to HTML using the `<link>` or `<style>` tags, you can create visually appealing, user-friendly websites that are easy to maintain and update. **Additional Resources** * [Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) - CSS Documentation](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS) * [W3Schools - CSS Tutorial](https://www.w3schools.com/css/) We encourage you to try out the examples provided in this topic and experiment with different CSS styles and layouts. **Please comment below if you have any questions or need further clarification on any of the concepts covered in this topic.** Next topic: [Inline, internal, and external stylesheets.](https://...)

Images

HTML & Web Development Fundamentals: Building Modern Websites

Course

Objectives

  • Learn the basics of HTML and its role in web development.
  • Understand the structure of web pages and best practices for semantic HTML.
  • Gain knowledge of responsive design using HTML and CSS.
  • Develop skills in building interactive and accessible websites using modern HTML standards.
  • Integrate HTML with other web technologies (CSS, JavaScript) to build dynamic websites.

Introduction to HTML and Web Development

  • What is HTML? Understanding its role in web development.
  • Setting up a development environment: Code editors (VSCode, Sublime Text).
  • Basic HTML structure: DOCTYPE, head, body, meta tags.
  • Introduction to HTML elements and attributes.
  • Lab: Create a simple HTML document with a proper structure and basic tags.

Working with Text, Links, and Lists

  • Text formatting tags: `<p>`, `<h1> - <h6>`, `<strong>`, `<em>`, `<blockquote>`, `<pre>`.
  • Creating and formatting lists: Ordered (`<ol>`), unordered (`<ul>`), and description lists.
  • Adding hyperlinks using the `<a>` tag and absolute vs relative URLs.
  • Best practices for structuring text and organizing content.
  • Lab: Build a webpage with text formatting, lists, and hyperlinks.

HTML Images and Media

  • Inserting images using the `<img>` tag and attributes (`src`, `alt`, `width`, `height`).
  • Using `<figure>` and `<figcaption>` for image captions.
  • Embedding videos and audio using `<video>` and `<audio>` tags.
  • Best practices for responsive images and media in web development.
  • Lab: Embed images, audio, and video on a webpage with proper formatting and captions.

Tables and Tabular Data

  • Creating tables using the `<table>`, `<tr>`, `<th>`, and `<td>` tags.
  • Structuring tabular data with `<thead>`, `<tbody>`, and `<tfoot>`.
  • Adding captions, headers, and summaries for accessibility.
  • Styling and formatting tables for readability.
  • Lab: Design a well-structured table with headings, footers, and captions.

Forms and User Input

  • Introduction to forms in HTML: `<form>` element, attributes, and actions.
  • Common input types: Text, email, password, radio buttons, checkboxes, and dropdowns.
  • Using `<label>` and `<fieldset>` for accessibility and structure.
  • Form validation: Required fields, input patterns, and validation attributes.
  • Lab: Create a functional form with various input fields and basic validation.

Semantic HTML and Accessibility

  • Introduction to semantic HTML: Importance of meaning and structure.
  • Common semantic elements: `<header>`, `<footer>`, `<article>`, `<section>`, `<nav>`, `<aside>`.
  • Improving accessibility with ARIA roles and semantic tags.
  • Web standards and best practices for making websites accessible.
  • Lab: Redesign an existing webpage using semantic HTML elements and focus on accessibility.

HTML5 New Features and APIs

  • Overview of HTML5 and its new elements: `<article>`, `<section>`, `<nav>`, `<figure>`.
  • Introduction to HTML5 APIs: Geolocation, Web Storage, and Canvas.
  • Using the `<canvas>` element for drawing graphics.
  • Best practices for adopting HTML5 features.
  • Lab: Experiment with HTML5 elements and implement basic features of the HTML5 APIs.

Responsive Web Design with HTML

  • Introduction to responsive web design principles.
  • Using the `<meta viewport>` tag for responsive design.
  • Understanding media queries and responsive images.
  • Building mobile-first web pages with flexible layouts.
  • Lab: Create a responsive webpage that adjusts to different screen sizes using basic HTML and media queries.

Integrating CSS with HTML

  • What is CSS? Linking CSS to HTML using `<link>` and `<style>`.
  • Inline, internal, and external stylesheets.
  • Basic CSS selectors: Elements, classes, and IDs.
  • Applying styles to HTML elements and organizing stylesheets.
  • Lab: Create an external stylesheet and apply styles to a structured HTML webpage.

HTML and JavaScript Integration

  • Introduction to JavaScript and its role in dynamic web pages.
  • Linking JavaScript to HTML: Inline and external scripts.
  • Using the `<script>` tag and async vs defer attributes.
  • Basic interaction between HTML and JavaScript: Manipulating the DOM.
  • Lab: Build a simple interactive webpage using JavaScript to modify HTML elements.

Advanced HTML Techniques

  • Creating interactive content with `<details>` and `<summary>` elements.
  • Implementing `<progress>` and `<meter>` for visual feedback.
  • Understanding `<template>` and `<slot>` for reusable components.
  • Working with the `<iframe>` element to embed external content.
  • Lab: Enhance a webpage with advanced HTML elements like `<details>`, `<meter>`, and `<iframe>`.

HTML Email Development

  • Understanding HTML for email: Key differences and limitations.
  • Best practices for structuring email templates.
  • Using inline styles and table-based layouts for compatibility.
  • Testing and optimizing HTML emails for different clients and devices.
  • Lab: Design and develop a simple, responsive HTML email template.

SEO Best Practices with HTML

  • Understanding Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and its importance.
  • Using meta tags, title tags, and proper heading structures for SEO.
  • Optimizing images and media for better search rankings.
  • Implementing structured data (Schema.org) for rich search results.
  • Lab: Optimize an existing webpage for SEO using meta tags, headings, and structured data.

Version Control and Collaboration

  • Introduction to version control with Git.
  • Basic Git commands: Clone, commit, push, pull, branch.
  • Collaborating on HTML projects using GitHub.
  • Managing and merging HTML project versions.
  • Lab: Set up a GitHub repository for an HTML project, collaborate, and manage project versions.

Deploying HTML Websites

  • Introduction to web hosting and domain management.
  • Deploying static websites using services like GitHub Pages or Netlify.
  • Understanding FTP/SFTP for uploading HTML files.
  • Basic website performance optimization techniques.
  • Lab: Deploy a static HTML website to a hosting service (e.g., GitHub Pages or Netlify) and optimize it for speed.

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