**Course Title:** Build and Package Management in Modern Development **Section Title:** Package Management Basics **Topic:** Basic Commands and Operations: Install, Update, Uninstall ### Introduction In the previous topics, we covered the basics of package management, including the benefits of using package managers, types of package managers, and introduction to package repositories and registries. In this topic, we will dive deeper into the core operations of package management, including installation, updating, and uninstallation of packages. ### Installation of Packages The installation of packages is one of the primary functions of a package manager. The process involves downloading the package from the repository, resolving any dependencies, and installing the package on the target system. The command to install a package varies depending on the package manager being used. Here are some examples of package installation commands for popular package managers: * **pip (Python Package Manager)**: `pip install package_name` * **npm (Node Package Manager)**: `npm install package_name` * **Yarn**: `yarn add package_name` * **apt-get (Advanced Package Tool)**: `sudo apt-get install package_name` To install a package using pip, follow these steps: 1. Open your terminal or command prompt. 2. Navigate to your project directory. 3. Type `pip install package_name` and press enter. For example, to install the `requests` package using pip, run the following command: ```bash pip install requests ``` ### Updating Packages Package updates are essential to ensure that you have the latest features, security patches, and bug fixes. The update command varies depending on the package manager being used. Here are some examples of package update commands for popular package managers: * **pip**: `pip install --upgrade package_name` or `pip install --upgrade -r requirements.txt` to update all packages in the `requirements.txt` file. * **npm**: `npm update package_name` or `npm update` to update all packages. * **Yarn**: `yarn upgrade package_name` or `yarn upgrade` to update all packages. * **apt-get**: `sudo apt-get update` to update the package index, followed by `sudo apt-get upgrade` to upgrade all packages. To update a package using pip, follow these steps: 1. Open your terminal or command prompt. 2. Navigate to your project directory. 3. Type `pip install --upgrade package_name` and press enter. For example, to update the `requests` package using pip, run the following command: ```bash pip install --upgrade requests ``` ### Uninstallation of Packages The uninstallation of packages is another essential function of a package manager. The process involves removing the package and its dependencies from the target system. The command to uninstall a package varies depending on the package manager being used. Here are some examples of package uninstallation commands for popular package managers: * **pip**: `pip uninstall package_name` * **npm**: `npm uninstall package_name` or `npm uninstall -g package_name` to uninstall a globally installed package. * **Yarn**: `yarn remove package_name` * **apt-get**: `sudo apt-get remove package_name` To uninstall a package using pip, follow these steps: 1. Open your terminal or command prompt. 2. Navigate to your project directory. 3. Type `pip uninstall package_name` and press enter. For example, to uninstall the `requests` package using pip, run the following command: ```bash pip uninstall requests ``` ### Conclusion In this topic, we covered the basic commands and operations of package management, including installation, updating, and uninstallation of packages. We also provided examples of package management commands for popular package managers. By mastering these operations, you can manage your project dependencies more efficiently and ensure that your project is up-to-date and secure. **What to do next:** * Practice installing, updating, and uninstalling packages using different package managers. * Read the official documentation of your preferred package manager to learn more about its features and commands. * In the next topic, we will explore the features and differences between npm and Yarn, two popular package managers for JavaScript projects. **External Resources:** * [pip official documentation](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/) * [npm official documentation](https://docs.npmjs.com/) * [Yarn official documentation](https://classic.yarnpkg.com/en/docs/cli/) **Leave a comment or ask for help:** If you have any questions or need further clarification on any of the topics covered in this section, please leave a comment below.