**Course Title:** Mastering Development Environments **Section Title:** Version Control Systems **Topic:** Create a Git repository, make changes, and manage branches.(Lab topic) **Objective:** By the end of this lab, you will be able to create a new Git repository, make changes to the repository, and manage branches. **Prerequisites:** You have completed the following topics: - Setting up Git: Installation, configuration, and basic commands. - Working with Git repositories: cloning, committing, branching, and merging. ### Step 1: Create a New Git Repository To create a new Git repository, follow these steps: 1. Open your terminal or command prompt and navigate to the directory where you want to create your new repository. 2. Use the `git init` command to initialize a new Git repository. ```bash git init my-repo ``` 3. Change into the newly created repository directory. ```bash cd my-repo ``` 4. Verify that the repository was initialized correctly by using the `git status` command. ```bash git status ``` ### Step 2: Make Changes to the Repository Now that we have created a new repository, let's make some changes to it: 1. Create a new file called `readme.txt` with the following content: ```markdown # This is my first repository ``` 2. Use the `git add` command to stage the new file. ```bash git add readme.txt ``` 3. Use the `git commit` command to commit the changes with a meaningful commit message. ```bash git commit -m "Initial commit" ``` ### Step 3: Create a New Branch Now that we have made changes to the repository, let's create a new branch to isolate our changes: 1. Use the `git branch` command to create a new branch called `feature/new-feature`. ```bash git branch feature/new-feature ``` 2. Use the `git checkout` command to switch to the new branch. ```bash git checkout feature/new-feature ``` 3. Verify that you are now on the new branch by using the `git branch` command with the `-v` option. ```bash git branch -v ``` ### Step 4: Make Changes to the New Branch Now that we are on the new branch, let's make some changes: 1. Edit the `readme.txt` file to include the following content: ```markdown # This is my first repository This is a new feature ``` 2. Use the `git add` command to stage the changes. ```bash git add readme.txt ``` 3. Use the `git commit` command to commit the changes with a meaningful commit message. ```bash git commit -m "Added new feature" ``` ### Step 5: Merge the New Branch into the Master Branch Now that we have made changes to the new branch, let's merge it into the master branch: 1. Use the `git checkout` command to switch back to the master branch. ```bash git checkout master ``` 2. Use the `git merge` command to merge the new branch into the master branch. ```bash git merge feature/new-feature ``` **Conclusion:** In this lab, we created a new Git repository, made changes to the repository, and managed branches. We learned how to use the `git init`, `git add`, `git commit`, `git branch`, `git checkout`, and `git merge` commands to manage our repository. **Additional Resources:** - For a comprehensive Git documentation, visit [https://git-scm.com/docs](https://git-scm.com/docs) - For a beginner-friendly Git tutorial, visit [https://guides.github.com/activities/hello-world/](https://guides.github.com/activities/hello-world/) **What Next:** - In the next topic, we will cover 'Understanding containerization and its benefits.' From: Containerization with Docker. Please note that this lab assumes you have completed the previous topics in the course. If you have any questions or need further assistance, please comment below.