Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications
Course Objectives
- Understand the fundamentals of NestJS and its architecture.
- Build RESTful APIs using NestJS with TypeScript.
- Implement dependency injection and service providers in NestJS.
- Work with databases using TypeORM and handle data with DTOs.
- Master error handling, validation, and security best practices in NestJS applications.
- Develop microservices and WebSocket applications using NestJS.
- Deploy NestJS applications to cloud platforms and integrate CI/CD pipelines.
Weekly Breakdown
Week 1: Introduction to NestJS and Development Environment
Topics:
- Overview of NestJS and its benefits in modern application development.: NestJS is a powerful Node.js framework for building efficient, scalable server-side applications, offering a modular architecture, dependency injection, and type safety. Its robust features and extensive libraries make it an attractive choice for developing complex, data-driven applications. Discover how NestJS compares to other popular Node.js frameworks and how it can be leveraged for building scalable server-side applications.
- Setting up a NestJS development environment (Node.js, TypeScript, and Nest CLI).: Setting up a NestJS development environment requires installing Node.js, TypeScript, and the Nest CLI. Learn the steps to install these dependencies and create a new NestJS project using the Nest CLI.
- Understanding the architecture of a NestJS application.: Mastering NestJS applications requires understanding their architecture, including core components like modules, controllers, providers, and services. Learn how these components interact to create scalable and maintainable server-side applications, and explore a deep dive into each component to grasp their roles in the request-response cycle.
- Exploring modules, controllers, and providers.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications
Learn the fundamentals of NestJS, a popular Node.js framework for building scalable server-side applications. This topic covers modules, controllers, and providers, essential components for creating maintainable and efficient applications.
Lab:
- Set up a NestJS development environment and create your first NestJS project with a simple REST API.
Lab Summary:
Setting up a NestJS development environment and building a simple REST API. Learn how to install Node.js, TypeScript, and the Nest CLI, create a new NestJS project, and build a basic API with controllers and services.
Week 2: Controllers and Routing
Topics:
- Creating and configuring controllers in NestJS.: Creating and Configuring Controllers in NestJS: Learn how to build scalable server-side applications with NestJS by mastering the art of creating and configuring controllers, injecting dependencies, and handling different types of requests.
- Understanding routing and route parameters.: Understanding routing and route parameters in NestJS is crucial for building scalable server-side applications. This topic covers how to define routes, handle route parameters, and create a robust routing system, including the difference between path parameters and query parameters.
- Handling HTTP requests and responses.: Handling HTTP requests and responses in NestJS, including request methods, response status codes, and using middleware to enhance application functionality.
- Implementing route guards for authentication.: Implementing route guards for authentication in NestJS, securing your application by protecting routes from unauthorized access, and understanding the basics of dependency injection in NestJS.
Lab:
- Build a basic RESTful API with multiple endpoints using controllers and routing in NestJS.
Lab Summary:
Building Scalable Server-Side Applications with NestJS: Learn how to create a basic RESTful API with multiple endpoints using controllers and routing in NestJS, and understand how to define routes, handle HTTP requests and responses, and implement route guards for authentication.
Week 3: Dependency Injection and Service Providers
Topics:
- Understanding dependency injection in NestJS.: Understanding dependency injection in NestJS is crucial for building scalable server-side applications. This topic explores the benefits, key concepts, and practical applications of dependency injection, including loose coupling, testability, reusability, and flexibility.
- Creating and using services for business logic.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Dependency Injection and Service Providers. Learn how to create and use services for business logic in a NestJS application, encapsulating complex operations and making them reusable throughout the application.
- Managing providers and module imports.: Managing providers and module imports is a crucial aspect of building scalable server-side applications with NestJS. This topic covers the basics of providers, module imports, and how to use decorators and methods to manage them.
- Using custom providers for advanced use cases.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Dependency Injection and Service Providers. Learn how to create and use custom providers in NestJS to handle advanced use cases, inject dependencies into services and controllers, and manage complex dependencies with custom logic.
Lab:
- Implement a service to handle business logic for a RESTful API and inject it into your controllers.
Lab Summary:
Implementing Dependency Injection and Service Providers in NestJS to Build Scalable Server-Side Applications.
Week 4: Working with Databases: TypeORM and Data Transfer Objects (DTOs)
Topics:
- Integrating TypeORM with NestJS for database management.: Integrating TypeORM with NestJS for database management, including type safety, database portability, and lazy loading.
- Creating database entities and migrations.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Working with Databases: TypeORM and Data Transfer Objects (DTOs)
Learn how to create database entities and migrations using TypeORM, a popular ORM library for TypeScript and JavaScript, and discover how to define relationships between entities and generate migrations.
- Handling data with DTOs for validation and transformation.: Handling data with DTOs for validation and transformation in NestJS.
- Performing CRUD operations using repositories.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Working with Databases: TypeORM and Data Transfer Objects (DTOs) - Performing CRUD operations using repositories.
Lab:
- Build a data model for a blog application, implementing CRUD operations using TypeORM and DTOs.
Lab Summary:
Designing a data model for a blog application using TypeORM and Data Transfer Objects (DTOs), and implementing CRUD operations using repositories.
Week 5: Error Handling and Validation
Topics:
- Best practices for error handling in NestJS applications.: Error Handling Best Practices for NestJS Applications
- Using built-in exception filters and custom exception handling.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Error Handling and Validation. Learn how to handle exceptions in NestJS applications using built-in exception filters and custom exception handling mechanisms, and discover best practices for implementing robust and scalable server-side applications.
- Implementing validation pipes for data validation.: Implementing validation pipes for data validation in NestJS, improving data integrity, reducing errors, and enhancing security by validating data at the request level.
- Understanding validation decorators and validation schemas.: Understanding validation in NestJS: Learn how to use validation decorators and schemas to ensure the integrity and accuracy of your application's data.
Lab:
- Create a robust error handling and validation system for your RESTful API.
Lab Summary:
Design a robust error handling and validation system for your RESTful API using NestJS, covering error handling, validation, and implementing custom validation pipes.
Week 6: Security Best Practices in NestJS
Topics:
- Implementing authentication and authorization (JWT and Passport).: Implementing authentication and authorization in NestJS applications using JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and Passport.js.
- Securing routes and handling user roles.: Securing routes and handling user roles in NestJS with guards and decorators.
- Understanding CORS and security headers.: Understanding CORS and security headers is crucial for building scalable server-side applications with NestJS. This topic delves into the importance of CORS, its mechanism, and how it works, as well as security headers such as Content-Security-Policy, X-Frame-Options, and Strict-Transport-Security. By implementing these best practices, developers can ensure the security and integrity of their applications and protect them from common web vulnerabilities.
- Best practices for securing sensitive data.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Security Best Practices
Learn how to secure sensitive data in your NestJS applications with best practices for encryption, secure storage, access control, and secure data transfer.
Lab:
- Implement JWT authentication and role-based access control for your RESTful API.
Lab Summary:
Implementing Secure Authentication and Authorization in NestJS Applications
Week 7: Microservices with NestJS
Topics:
- Introduction to microservices architecture.: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications with NestJS: Mastering Microservices Architecture.
- Building microservices with NestJS using message brokers (e.g., RabbitMQ, Kafka).: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications with NestJS and Microservices.
- Implementing service discovery and inter-service communication.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Learn how to implement service discovery and inter-service communication in a NestJS microservices architecture, using service registries, message queues, and RESTful APIs.
- Handling data consistency and transactions in microservices.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Microservices with NestJS: Handling data consistency and transactions in microservices. Learn strategies for achieving data consistency and atomicity in distributed systems, including event sourcing, CQRS, and the saga pattern, and implement transactions using two-phase commit, pessimistic locking, and optimistic locking.
Lab:
- Develop a simple microservices application with NestJS and RabbitMQ for inter-service communication.
Lab Summary:
Designing and implementing a microservices application with NestJS and RabbitMQ for inter-service communication.
Week 8: WebSockets and Real-Time Applications
Topics:
- Understanding WebSockets and their use cases.: Mastering real-time communication in NestJS applications with WebSockets, enabling bidirectional data exchange and live updates.
- Implementing real-time features in NestJS applications.: Implementing real-time features in NestJS applications using WebSockets, covering the basics of WebSockets, how to use them in NestJS, and providing examples of real-world applications.
- Using the Socket.IO library with NestJS.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - WebSockets and Real-Time Applications
Learn how to use the Socket.IO library with NestJS to build real-time applications, enabling bidirectional communication between clients and servers. Discover how to set up Socket.IO with NestJS, create a Socket.IO service, configure Socket.IO, and handle real-time events.
- Building chat applications and real-time notifications.: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications with Real-Time Communication
Lab:
- Create a real-time chat application using WebSockets in NestJS.
Lab Summary:
Building Scalable Server-Side Applications with NestJS: Mastering WebSockets for Real-Time Applications.
Week 9: Testing and Debugging in NestJS
Topics:
- Importance of testing in software development.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Testing and Debugging in NestJS
Learn the importance of testing in software development, its benefits, and how to apply it in a NestJS application. Discover best practices for testing in NestJS, including writing tests for each unit of code, using a testing framework, and testing for edge cases.
- Writing unit tests for services and controllers with Jest.: Writing unit tests for services and controllers in a NestJS application using Jest.
- Using e2e tests to validate API functionality.: Writing End-to-End Tests for Scalable Server-Side Applications with NestJS.
- Debugging techniques and tools in NestJS.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Learn essential debugging techniques and tools to identify and fix issues in your NestJS applications, including console logging, breakpoints, step-through debugging, and error handling.
Lab:
- Write unit tests for your existing NestJS application to ensure code quality.
Lab Summary:
Writing Effective Unit Tests for NestJS Applications with Jest
Week 10: Performance Optimization and Caching
Topics:
- Best practices for optimizing NestJS applications.: Optimizing NestJS Applications for Scalability and Performance
- Implementing caching strategies with Redis.: Improving NestJS Application Performance with Redis Caching. Learn how to implement caching strategies with Redis to enhance the performance of your NestJS applications.
- Analyzing performance bottlenecks and profiling your application.: Analyzing performance bottlenecks and profiling your application is crucial to optimize your NestJS application's performance. This topic explores how to identify and address performance bottlenecks using various tools and techniques, including the built-in profiler, third-party profiling tools, and the
performanceAPI. - Using middleware for logging and monitoring.: Mastering and monitoring in NestJS for Scalable Server-Side Applications.
Lab:
- Implement caching for your API responses using Redis to improve performance.
Lab Summary:
Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Performance Optimization and Caching
Learn how to implement caching for API responses using Redis to improve performance in your NestJS application, covering caching basics, Redis setup, and implementing caching in NestJS.
Week 11: Deployment and CI/CD Pipelines
Topics:
- Preparing NestJS applications for production deployment.: Preparing your NestJS application for production deployment involves setting up a production-ready environment, configuring your application for scalability, and implementing monitoring and logging. This includes creating a separate environment file for production, configuring your application to use it, and using a load balancer and containerization platform like Docker. Additionally, implementing monitoring and logging with services like New Relic can help you track your application's performance and identify issues.
- Deploying NestJS applications to cloud platforms (AWS, Heroku, etc.).: Deploying NestJS applications to cloud platforms offers scalability, high availability, cost-effectiveness, and faster deployment. This guide covers the necessary steps, tools, and best practices for deploying to AWS, Heroku, and other cloud platforms.
- Setting up CI/CD pipelines with GitHub Actions or GitLab CI.: Automate Your Build, Test, and Deployment Process with CI/CD Pipelines
Learn how to set up Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines using GitHub Actions and GitLab CI, two popular tools for automating the software development process. Discover the benefits of CI/CD pipelines, including faster time-to-market, improved quality, and increased efficiency.
- Managing environment variables and configurations.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Deployment and CI/CD Pipelines: Learn how to manage environment variables and configurations in a NestJS application, handle different environments, configure variables, and use a configuration service to manage application settings.
Lab:
- Deploy your NestJS application to a cloud provider and set up CI/CD for automated deployment.
Lab Summary:
Deploying NestJS Applications to the Cloud and Setting Up CI/CD Pipelines. Learn how to deploy your NestJS application to a cloud provider like AWS and set up a Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipeline for automated deployment.
Week 12: Final Project and Advanced Topics
Topics:
- Reviewing advanced topics: GraphQL integration, serverless architecture.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications
Delve into advanced topics in NestJS, including GraphQL integration and serverless architecture, to take your skills to the next level and build more complex and scalable applications.
- Exploring NestJS modules and community libraries.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications
Delve into the world of NestJS modules and community libraries, exploring tools and resources to build scalable and maintainable server-side applications. Learn about NestJS modules, community libraries, and popular libraries such as @nestjs/jwt, @nestjs/passport, and @nestjs/redis.
- Final project overview and expectations.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications. Learn how to solidify your understanding of NestJS and its applications through a comprehensive final project that covers building a scalable and maintainable architecture, implementing authentication and authorization, and deploying to a cloud platform.
- Q&A and troubleshooting session for final projects.: Mastering NestJS: Building Scalable Server-Side Applications - Final Project and Advanced Topics
Learn how to overcome common errors and challenges when developing a NestJS application, and discover best practices for debugging and troubleshooting.
Lab:
- Begin working on the final project that integrates learned concepts into a complete NestJS application.
Lab Summary:
Design a Scalable Server-Side Application with NestJS: Learn how to integrate concepts into a complete NestJS application, design a scalable architecture, implement business logic, and deploy to a production environment.
Final Project
- Description: Develop a full-featured NestJS application that demonstrates mastery of the topics covered in the course. The project should include RESTful APIs, microservices (if applicable), authentication, and deployment.
- Presentation: Students will present their final projects, including a live demo and a code walkthrough. The presentation should include an explanation of key design decisions and challenges faced.
Grading Breakdown
- Assignments&Labs: 40%
- MidtermProject: 20%
- FinalProject: 30%
- Participation&Quizzes: 10%
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