**Course Title:** API Development: Design, Implementation, and Best Practices **Section Title:** Building RESTful APIs **Topic:** Build a RESTful API for a basic task management application.(Lab topic) **Introduction** In this lab topic, we will apply the concepts learned in the previous topics to build a RESTful API for a basic task management application. The goal of this lab is to provide hands-on experience with designing, implementing, and testing a RESTful API. By the end of this lab, you will have a fully functional RESTful API for managing tasks. **Task Management Application Requirements** The task management application will have the following features: * Users can create new tasks * Users can retrieve all tasks * Users can update existing tasks * Users can delete tasks * Users can filter tasks by status (completed or pending) **API Endpoints** Based on the requirements, we will define the following API endpoints: * `GET /tasks`: Retrieve all tasks * `POST /tasks`: Create a new task * `GET /tasks/{id}`: Retrieve a task by ID * `PUT /tasks/{id}`: Update a task * `DELETE /tasks/{id}`: Delete a task * `GET /tasks?status={status}`: Filter tasks by status **Database Design** For this lab, we will use a simple database schema with one table, `tasks`. The table will have the following columns: * `id`: Unique identifier for each task * `title`: Task title * `description`: Task description * `status`: Task status (completed or pending) **Implementation** We will implement the API using Node.js, Express, and MongoDB. You can use the following code as a starting point: ```javascript const express = require('express'); const mongoose = require('mongoose'); // Connect to MongoDB mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/task-manager', { useNewUrlParser: true, useUnifiedTopology: true }); // Define the task schema const taskSchema = new mongoose.Schema({ title: String, description: String, status: String }); // Create the task model const Task = mongoose.model('Task', taskSchema); // Create the Express app const app = express(); // Middleware to parse JSON requests app.use(express.json()); // API endpoint to retrieve all tasks app.get('/tasks', async (req, res) => { const tasks = await Task.find(); res.json(tasks); }); // API endpoint to create a new task app.post('/tasks', async (req, res) => { const task = new Task(req.body); await task.save(); res.json(task); }); // API endpoint to retrieve a task by ID app.get('/tasks/:id', async (req, res) => { const task = await Task.findById(req.params.id); if (!task) { res.status(404).json({ message: 'Task not found' }); } else { res.json(task); } }); // API endpoint to update a task app.put('/tasks/:id', async (req, res) => { const task = await Task.findByIdAndUpdate(req.params.id, req.body, { new: true }); if (!task) { res.status(404).json({ message: 'Task not found' }); } else { res.json(task); } }); // API endpoint to delete a task app.delete('/tasks/:id', async (req, res) => { await Task.findByIdAndRemove(req.params.id); res.json({ message: 'Task deleted' }); }); // API endpoint to filter tasks by status app.get('/tasks', async (req, res) => { const status = req.query.status; const tasks = await Task.find({ status }); res.json(tasks); }); // Start the server app.listen(3000, () => { console.log('Server started on port 3000'); }); ``` **Testing** To test the API, you can use a tool like Postman or cURL. Here are some example requests: * `GET /tasks`: Retrieve all tasks * `POST /tasks`: Create a new task with the following JSON body: `{ "title": "New task", "description": "This is a new task", "status": "pending" }` * `GET /tasks/{id}`: Retrieve a task by ID * `PUT /tasks/{id}`: Update a task with the following JSON body: `{ "title": "Updated task", "description": "This is an updated task" }` * `DELETE /tasks/{id}`: Delete a task **Conclusion** In this lab, you built a RESTful API for a basic task management application. You implemented API endpoints for creating, retrieving, updating, and deleting tasks, as well as filtering tasks by status. You also learned how to use MongoDB to store and retrieve data. **Additional Resources** * [Express.js documentation](https://expressjs.com/) * [Mongoose documentation](https://mongoosejs.com/) * [MongoDB documentation](https://www.mongodb.com/) **Comments/Questions** If you have any comments or questions about this lab, please leave a comment below. **Next Topic** In the next topic, we will cover API authentication methods: Basic Auth, OAuth, and JWT.