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About Developer

Khamisi Kibet

Khamisi Kibet

Software Developer

I am a computer scientist, software developer, and YouTuber, as well as the developer of this website, spinncode.com. I create content to help others learn and grow in the field of software development.

If you enjoy my work, please consider supporting me on platforms like Patreon or subscribing to my YouTube channel. I am also open to job opportunities and collaborations in software development. Let's build something amazing together!

  • Email

    infor@spinncode.com

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    Nairobi, Kenya
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## Course Objectives - Master the fundamentals of CSS and how it is applied in modern web development. - Learn to create responsive, mobile-first layouts using Flexbox, Grid, and media queries. - Understand advanced CSS techniques including animations, transitions, and custom properties. - Develop skills in optimizing CSS for performance, maintainability, and accessibility. - Gain practical knowledge of CSS frameworks and preprocessors like Sass. ## Weekly Breakdown ### Week 1: Introduction to CSS and Styling Basics #### Topics: - [**What is CSS? The role of CSS in web development.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/1CezFNk1): Learn the fundamentals of CSS and its role in web development, including how it interacts with HTML, its benefits, and real-world applications. Discover how CSS can be used to control the layout, appearance, and behavior of web pages, and separate presentation from structure. Gain a solid understanding of CSS and its uses in web development, mobile app development, game development, and desktop applications. - [**Setting up the development environment (HTML + CSS).**](https://spinncode.com/designs/tqh0jjLi): Set up a development environment for HTML and CSS coding by choosing a code editor like Visual Studio Code or Sublime Text, and a browser like Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox. Create a new project with basic HTML and CSS files, and set up a simple HTML structure with a DOCTYPE declaration and a link to your CSS file. Use your browser's developer tools to test and debug your code. - [**CSS syntax, selectors, and specificity.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/pxZIDapS): Discover the fundamentals of CSS syntax, selectors, and specificity. Learn how to write efficient and effective CSS code by mastering the different types of selectors, including element, class, ID, attribute, and pseudo-class selectors, and understanding how to calculate specificity to ensure the right styles are applied to your HTML elements. - [**Applying basic styles: colors, fonts, backgrounds, and borders.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/0YWhYFum): Learn the basics of CSS styling by applying colors, fonts, backgrounds, and borders to create visually appealing web pages. Discover best practices for using each property to create a solid foundation for web development projects. Master fundamental styling techniques through hands-on practice and explore additional resources for further learning. #### Lab: - [**Set up a basic webpage and apply fundamental styles using CSS.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/oH1Yf6le) #### Lab Summary: Create a basic webpage and apply fundamental styles using CSS, including structuring an HTML file and writing CSS rules to style headers, main content areas, and footers. Practice working with CSS selectors and properties to customize font families, colors, and layouts. Use developer tools to inspect and refine your webpage's styles. ### Week 2: The Box Model and Layout Fundamentals #### Topics: - [**Understanding the CSS box model: content, padding, border, and margin.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/Tq7NooPX): Mastering the CSS box model is crucial for web development, as it determines the layout of HTML elements. The box model consists of four main components: content area, padding, border, and margin, which must be calculated together to accurately determine an element's dimensions. By understanding how these components interact, developers can create responsive and visually appealing web pages. - [**Working with display properties: block, inline, inline-block, and none.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/e92SdcMp): Understanding CSS display properties is crucial for controlling layout and element appearance. This guide explores the four main display properties - block, inline, inline-block, and none - and how to apply them in CSS. By mastering these properties, developers can create effective layouts and visually appealing web pages. - [**Positioning elements: static, relative, absolute, and fixed.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/1XoUw5c5): Mastering CSS layouts involves understanding the four key positioning schemes: static, relative, relative, absolute, and fixed. By learning how these properties interact and control the placement of elements on a web page, you can create complex and customized designs. This topic provides an in-depth look at CSS positioning and its applications in web development. - [**Best practices for managing layout and spacing in modern web design.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/ncCb6hzT): Master effective layout and spacing in modern web design using Flexbox, Grid Systems, margin, padding, box-sizing, and transform properties, and elevate your website's user experience. Learn how to manage one and two-dimensional layouts, and control spacing with CSS properties like gap and grid-gap. #### Lab: - [**Create a webpage layout using the box model, positioning, and display properties.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/WHxPYzuA) #### Lab Summary: Learn how to create a simple webpage layout using the box model, positioning, and display properties in this hands-on lab-style tutorial, covering the fundamental concepts of CSS necessary for building a structured and visually appealing layout. You'll plan a layout, write HTML and CSS code, and apply styles to create a basic webpage with a header, main content area, and footer. ### Week 3: Responsive Design with Media Queries #### Topics: - [**Introduction to responsive design principles.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/NGFS3rl5): Master the principles of responsive design to create flexible and adaptable user interfaces that cater to various devices, screen sizes, and orientations. Learn how to apply responsive design techniques, including media queries, flexible images, and performance optimization, to prioritize user experience, accessibility, and performance. By following key principles and best practices, you can create effective responsive designs that adapt to different screen sizes and devices. - [**Creating mobile-first designs using media queries.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/YNU7iogR): Learn how to create mobile-first designs using media queries, allowing you to define different styles for different screen sizes and devices, and ensure a seamless user experience across various devices. You'll discover how to write effective media queries, use breakpoints to adapt your design, and prioritize important elements for improved performance and user experience. By mastering mobile-first design, you'll be able to create responsive and efficient websites that cater to diverse devices and screen sizes. - [**Using viewport units (vw, vh) and percentage-based layouts.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/sHpWISMa): Learn how to create flexible and adaptable layouts using viewport units (vw, vh) and percentage-based layouts, and discover how combining these techniques can elevate your responsive design skills. Understand how to apply viewport units for font sizing and spacing, and how to calculate percentage-based layouts relative to parent elements. Master the art of creating mobile-friendly designs that adjust to different screen sizes and devices. - [**Breakpoints and designing for different screen sizes.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/DBkCBGuA): Master responsive web design by learning about breakpoints and media queries to create layouts that adapt to various screen sizes and devices, ensuring a seamless user experience across desktop, laptop, tablet, and mobile devices. Discover the best practices for working with breakpoints, including mobile-first design, relative units, and thorough testing. Explore techniques and resources for effectively using media queries to define and refine your responsive layouts. #### Lab: - [**Develop a responsive webpage that adapts to different screen sizes using media queries.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/ATbK8HgY) #### Lab Summary: Create a responsive webpage that adapts to different screen sizes using media queries. Learn how to plan and design a responsive webpage, set up your HTML structure, define media queries, and write CSS styles that adapt to various devices. By following these steps, you can develop a fully functional and responsive webpage. ### Week 4: Flexbox: Modern Layout Techniques #### Topics: - [**Introduction to Flexbox and its advantages in modern layouts.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/xUVN30GI): Flexbox is a versatile CSS layout module that allows for the creation of flexible, responsive, and adaptive layouts with ease. It offers numerous advantages over traditional layout techniques, including flexibility, responsiveness, and simplicity, making it a perfect choice for modern web design. This technique can be applied to various layout scenarios such as navigation menus, sticky footers, and responsive images and galleries. - [**Understanding Flexbox properties: flex-direction, justify-content, align-items, etc.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/gPRFU1WI): Mastering Flexbox properties is key to creating responsive and efficient layouts. This guide covers six essential properties - `flex-direction`, `justify-content`, `align-items`, `align-content`, `flex-wrap`, and `gap` - to help you build flexible layouts with ease. - [**Creating flexible, one-dimensional layouts with Flexbox.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/3QUh5fug): Master one-dimensional layouts with Flexbox, learning how to create flexible and responsive designs using properties like flex-direction, justify-content, and align-items, and discover best practices for efficient and dynamic layouts. From basic alignment to dynamic heights and auto-margins, explore the fundamentals of Flexbox for modern web development. Whether you're building a simple header or a complex navigation bar, these techniques will help you achieve a more versatile and responsive layout. - [**Flexbox for responsive navigation bars and grids.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/cItiPpmc): Discover how to create responsive navigation bars and grids using Flexbox, a modern CSS layout technique, and learn how to adapt your designs for different screen sizes using media queries. Explore the benefits and limitations of Flexbox in real-world web design scenarios and find out how to make your layouts responsive and cross-browser compatible. #### Lab: - [**Build a responsive layout using Flexbox for flexible design components.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/v2LlgjMr) #### Lab Summary: Master flexible and responsive layouts using Flexbox. Learn key properties, such as display, flex-direction, justify-content, and flex-wrap, and how to apply media queries to target different screen sizes and devices. By understanding how to use Flexbox effectively, you can create adaptable designs that work on various devices and screen sizes. ### Week 5: CSS Grid: Advanced Layout System #### Topics: - [**Introduction to CSS Grid and its use cases.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/G48SN3Nv): Learn how to create complex, two-dimensional layouts using CSS Grid, and explore its benefits, including improved layout structure and better responsive design, with this introduction to CSS Grid covering its use cases and basic properties. Discover how to define grid containers, grid items, and control their size and position. Get started with creating responsive layouts that adapt to different screen sizes and devices using CSS Grid. - [**Defining grid containers and tracks (rows and columns).**](https://spinncode.com/designs/Gp1Bc09e): Learn how to create robust grid structures using CSS Grid by defining grid containers, tracks, and gaps. Master the essential properties and techniques for building complex, responsive layouts, including grid-template-columns, grid-template-rows, and repeat(). Discover how to create flexible and adaptable grid structures that work across different screen sizes. - [**Placing elements in a grid with grid-template-areas, grid-column, and grid-row.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/3QzZ0KSy): Mastering CSS Grid for Responsive Design: Learn how to use `grid-template-areas`, `grid-column`, and `grid-row` properties to create complex, responsive layouts with precision control over element placement. Discover how to define grid templates, place elements within specific grid cells, and create adaptive designs for different screen sizes. - [**Creating complex, responsive, two-dimensional layouts with CSS Grid.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/SBQU9hoX): Creating responsive, two-dimensional layouts with CSS Grid involves defining multiple tracks, placing items, and adapting to different screen sizes. Key techniques include using `grid-template-columns` and `grid-template-rows` properties, and applying `auto-fit` and `auto-fill` keywords for flexibility. Mastering CSS Grid enables developers to handle complex layouts more effectively than Flexbox. #### Lab: - [**Create a responsive grid-based layout for a complex webpage design.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/Rd9qH8gh) #### Lab Summary: Create a responsive grid-based layout for a complex webpage design using CSS Grid, and discover how to define a grid container, tracks, and responsive layout using media queries, with practical takeaways on placing elements in the grid and testing on different screen sizes. ### Week 6: Typography and Web Fonts #### Topics: - [**Best practices for modern web typography.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/PRQXYooS): Effective web typography is crucial for a engaging user experience. Following best practices, such as choosing a clear hierarchy, selecting readable fonts, and adjusting line height and letter spacing, can significantly improve readability and visual appeal. By implementing these techniques, web designers can create a clear, consistent, and visually appealing typography that enhances the overall user experience. - [**Working with web fonts: @font-face and Google Fonts.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/yrFhQkNl): Discover how to enhance your website's visual appeal with custom fonts using the `@font-face` rule and Google Fonts, and learn best practices for efficient web font implementation. Explore the benefits of custom fonts and how to overcome the limitations of native web fonts. - [**Responsive typography with rem, em, and fluid typography techniques.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/osxsRxQU): Improve your web design skills with responsive typography. Learn how to work with relative units like em and rem to create adaptable and accessible font sizes, and explore fluid typography techniques to adjust font sizes based on screen size or zoom level. - [**Styling text with CSS: font-size, font-weight, line-height, letter-spacing, and text-transform.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/L3ipjpPL): Mastering the art of styling text with CSS. Learn how to control font sizes, weights, line heights, letter spacings, and text transformations to create visually appealing web designs. #### Lab: - [**Apply responsive typography and custom fonts to enhance readability and design.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/ZOrOmjg1) #### Lab Summary: Create responsive typography and apply custom fonts to enhance readability and design across various devices, using relative units, media queries, and the `@font-face` property in CSS. This approach allows for flexible font sizes and line heights that adapt to different screen sizes. ### Week 7: Transitions, Animations, and Transforms #### Topics: - [**Introduction to CSS transitions and how to animate property changes.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/IS7ELq4g): Learn how to smoothly animate property changes in CSS using transitions, including defining transition properties, timing functions, and delays, and discover how to create sophisticated animations to enhance the user experience. Master techniques for multiple transitions, troubleshooting common issues, and explore best practices for effective CSS transition implementation. Create engaging and interactive web experiences with CSS transitions. - [**Using CSS animations: keyframes, animation properties, and timing functions.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/pNWXsaGu): Master the art of CSS animations by understanding keyframes, animation properties, and timing functions. Learn how to use the `@keyframes` rule, animation properties like `animation-name` and `animation-duration`, and timing functions like `ease` and `linear` to create complex animations. With practice and experimentation, you can elevate your web design skills and create engaging user experiences. - [**Transforming elements with rotate, scale, skew, and translate.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/2eWDGiiG): Mastering CSS Transforms: Learn to manipulate elements in 2D space with rotate, scale, skew, and translate functions, and discover how to combine them for complex transformations. From enhancing web designs to creating interactive effects, this overview covers the essentials of CSS transforms, including best practices and example use cases. - [**Best practices for creating smooth and performant animations.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/nWhBOV7t): To create smooth and performant animations, focus on using the GPU, optimizing properties that affect performance, and leveraging CSS animations instead of JavaScript or transitions. Best practices also include using the `will-change` property, `requestAnimationFrame`, and avoiding over-animating to enhance the user experience without compromising website performance. #### Lab: - [**Implement CSS animations and transitions to enhance user experience on a webpage.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/lrnj616i) #### Lab Summary: Enhance user experience on a webpage by learning how to implement CSS animations, transitions, and transforms. Discover the properties and techniques used to create smooth and engaging animations, and apply them to real-world projects. Practice lab exercises and challenge yourself with additional animation and transformation challenges. ### Week 8: Custom Properties (CSS Variables) and Calc() #### Topics: - [**Introduction to CSS variables and how they improve maintainability.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/Cx9gHl5n): Discover the benefits of using CSS variables to improve maintainability, increase flexibility, and enhance code organization in modern CSS development. Learn how to declare and use CSS variables for more efficient, readable, and scalable code. By leveraging custom properties, you can simplify your workflow and write more maintainable stylesheets. - [**Defining and using custom properties with the `--variable-name` syntax.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/EwGujG7J): Custom properties in CSS, also known as CSS variables, enable developers to define reusable values that can be used throughout their stylesheet. By using custom properties, developers can ensure consistency, reduce code duplication, and make maintenance easier, with benefits including easier updates and theming. With the `--variable-name` syntax and the `var()` function, developers can define and use custom properties to streamline their CSS development. - [**Using the `calc()` function for dynamic calculations.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/drdyLriv): Master dynamic calculations in CSS using the `calc()` function, which simplifies complex layouts, improves maintainability, and enables responsive designs. Explore the syntax, key concepts, and practical examples to get started with `calc()`, and learn best practices for using this powerful tool. - [**Theming with custom properties: dark mode, light mode, and beyond.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/jn2GEOZh): Learn how to create flexible and reusable themes for your web applications using custom properties in CSS. Discover how to define multiple themes, including dark mode and light mode, and switch between them using media queries or JavaScript. Explore best practices for implementing theming with custom properties to achieve visually appealing and consistent designs. #### Lab: - [**Use custom properties and the calc() function to create a theme-able webpage.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/4ht8b60m) #### Lab Summary: Learn how to create a theme-able webpage using custom properties (CSS variables) and the calc() function. This guide covers defining and using custom properties, performing dynamic calculations, and applying these techniques to create a responsive webpage. ### Week 9: CSS Preprocessors: Sass and Less #### Topics: - [**Introduction to CSS preprocessors and why they are useful.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/26QaSFmG): CSS preprocessors revolutionize web development by allowing for more efficient, modular, and reusable code. Using tools like Sass and Less can improve code organization, increase efficiency, and enhance performance. By understanding preprocessors and their benefits, developers can streamline their workflow and create better user experiences. - [**Setting up Sass in a development environment.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/7i9S6cV8): Learn how to set up Sass in your development environment and start leveraging its powerful features to write more efficient, modular, and reusable CSS code. Discover the benefits of using Sass, including improved code organization, variables, nesting, partials, and mixins, and find out how to install and compile Sass using various methods. - [**Using Sass features: variables, nesting, partials, and mixins.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/TIWkb7qw): Discover the power of Sass to streamline your CSS workflow. Learn how to use variables, nesting, partials, and mixins to write more efficient, modular code, and take your frontend development skills to the next level. - [**Compiling Sass to CSS and organizing large CSS codebases.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/2zvLHv0q): Learn how to compile Sass to CSS using tools like Scout, Gulp, and Webpack, and discover strategies for organizing large CSS codebases, including modularizing CSS and using a consistent naming convention. Perfect your CSS workflow and improve your development efficiency with these practical tips. #### Lab: - [**Write and compile Sass to create a structured, maintainable CSS architecture.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/wY1LC3Kn) #### Lab Summary: Learn how to write and compile Sass for a maintainable CSS architecture. Discover best practices for organizing code, using variables, mixins, and functions, and explore the process of compiling Sass to CSS using tools like Sass CLI or Webpack. Develop your skills with a hands-on lab exercise that puts theory into practice. ### Week 10: CSS Frameworks: Bootstrap or Tailwind CSS #### Topics: - [**Introduction to CSS frameworks and their benefits.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/DYimjvPS): CSS frameworks can simplify web development by providing pre-written code, pre-defined classes, and responsive grid systems. They offer benefits like faster development, consistency, customization, and a large community of developers for support. Bootstrap and Tailwind CSS are two popular frameworks, each with unique approaches to building responsive designs. - [**Overview of Bootstrap or Tailwind CSS for rapid UI development.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/ftZ4zQGG): Building responsive and user-friendly interfaces efficiently often involves choosing between popular CSS frameworks. Bootstrap and Tailwind CSS are two options that offer distinct approaches - Bootstrap with its pre-defined components and Tailwind with its utility-first, highly customizable design system. Understanding their key features and when to use each framework can help developers make informed decisions for their next project. - [**Using utility classes for responsive design and layout.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/SPWb0nSM): Learn how to use utility classes in Bootstrap and Tailwind CSS to create responsive designs and layouts, simplifying your development process and improving consistency. Discover the benefits and best practices for using utility classes in your projects, and explore how to customize them for unique designs. - [**Customizing frameworks for unique designs.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/0YjRXlEP): Customizing CSS frameworks like Bootstrap and Tailwind CSS allows developers to create unique designs that fit their specific needs, while still leveraging the strengths of these frameworks. By understanding how to override default styles, create custom components, and extend functionality, developers can adapt Bootstrap and Tailwind CSS to their specific use cases. To avoid common pitfalls, use the framework's customization mechanisms, keep customizations organized, and test thoroughly. #### Lab: - [**Build a responsive webpage using a CSS framework (Bootstrap or Tailwind CSS).**](https://spinncode.com/designs/w0aSjtMB) #### Lab Summary: Build a responsive webpage using Tailwind CSS, a popular CSS framework that streamlines development. Learn how to set up a new project, configure Tailwind CSS, and add styles and responsiveness to HTML elements. Discover practical takeaways for improving your web development workflow. ### Week 11: Accessibility and Performance Optimization in CSS #### Topics: - [**Understanding web accessibility and its importance.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/3JCYf3ns): Learn the importance of web accessibility in creating inclusive online experiences, and discover key principles such as perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust content. Understanding web accessibility can improve your website's usability, broaden your audience, and enhance SEO. - [**Making designs accessible: focus states, ARIA roles, and color contrast.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/H1Fp3g38): Prioritize accessibility in design by implementing focus states, ARIA roles, and sufficient color contrast to ensure usability for all users, including those with disabilities. Use the `:focus` pseudo-class, add ARIA roles to HTML elements for semantic meaning, and maintain a minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 between text and background colors. - [**Optimizing CSS for performance: minimizing file sizes, using critical CSS, and avoiding bloat.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/Zu3TJpXU): Optimizing CSS for performance is key to fast, efficient websites that deliver great user experiences. Techniques such as minimizing file sizes, using critical CSS, and avoiding bloat are crucial strategies to achieve this. By applying these methods and best practices, developers can significantly improve page load times, SEO rankings, and user engagement. - [**Tools and best practices for ensuring accessible and performant designs.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/bo7OMYpH): Optimize your website with accessibility and performance in mind. Learn best practices for meeting web accessibility guidelines and tools like WAVE, Lighthouse, and aXe to test for accessibility. Additionally, discover how to improve page load times using tools like Google PageSpeed Insights, YSLOW, and WebPageTest. #### Lab: - [**Audit a webpage for accessibility and performance issues and implement improvements.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/TombAbJ6) #### Lab Summary: Discover the essential tools and techniques for auditing webpage accessibility and performance issues, with hands-on practice in implementing improvements using CSS. Learn how to identify key issues such as color contrast, focus states, and ARIA roles, and how to optimize page load times, file sizes, and resource usage. ### Week 12: Final Project Preparation and Review #### Topics: - [**Review of advanced CSS topics covered throughout the course.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/NMf0WRKQ): Master the latest CSS techniques and prepare for your final project with a comprehensive review of key concepts, including Flexbox, CSS Grid, responsive design, typography, transitions, and more. Understand the importance of accessibility, performance optimization, and using CSS preprocessors, frameworks, and variables to streamline your workflow. Apply your knowledge with practical exercises and get ready to create modern, responsive, and efficient web designs. - [**Planning and designing the final project with a focus on responsive design and accessibility.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/lPFCbTco): Plan and design a final project incorporating responsive design and accessibility, with considerations for mobile-first design, flexibility, media queries, and content hierarchy, while prioritizing accessible color contrast, keyboard navigation, and semantic HTML. Review recommended resources and design tools to create a simple, flexible, and accessible project that prioritizes content hierarchy and keyboard navigation. - [**Best practices for writing maintainable CSS in real-world projects.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/YOI7U9kL): In real-world projects, writing maintainable CSS is crucial for efficient development. Maintainable CSS can be achieved by organizing codebases, writing efficient CSS, testing and debugging, and implementing version control. These practices simplify code, reduce bugs, and enhance collaboration among developers. - [**Q&A and troubleshooting session for final projects.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/7oKoGUQU): Troubleshoot common issues in your final CSS projects, from responsive design to typographic and color contrast problems. Learn effective troubleshooting strategies and best practices for coding, including browser developer tools, CSS validation, and code organization. With these tips, you'll overcome obstacles, refine your skills, and complete a portfolio-worthy project. #### Lab: - [**Start working on your final project, incorporating responsive design, accessibility, and performance optimizations.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/uIvlDxxj) #### Lab Summary: In this interactive project, apply the skills and knowledge gained from the Modern CSS course to create a comprehensive website or application that showcases expertise in responsive design, accessibility, and performance optimization. The project involves choosing a theme, incorporating key aspects such as media queries, semantic HTML structure, and browser caching, and following best practices for a well-organized and maintainable codebase. By completing this project, demonstrate the ability to tackle real-world challenges and create a well-rounded, modern CSS solution. ## Final Project - **Description:** Develop a fully-responsive, accessible, and performant website using modern CSS techniques learned throughout the course. The project should incorporate custom design elements, Flexbox or Grid layouts, animations, and web typography. - **Presentation:** Students will present their final projects, demonstrating how they applied modern CSS techniques to build a professional, user-friendly web design. ## Grading Breakdown - **Assignments&Labs:** 40% - **MidtermProject:** 20% - **FinalProject:** 30% - **Participation&Quizzes:** 10%
Course Outline

Modern CSS: Responsive Design and Advanced Techniques

## Course Objectives - Master the fundamentals of CSS and how it is applied in modern web development. - Learn to create responsive, mobile-first layouts using Flexbox, Grid, and media queries. - Understand advanced CSS techniques including animations, transitions, and custom properties. - Develop skills in optimizing CSS for performance, maintainability, and accessibility. - Gain practical knowledge of CSS frameworks and preprocessors like Sass. ## Weekly Breakdown ### Week 1: Introduction to CSS and Styling Basics #### Topics: - [**What is CSS? The role of CSS in web development.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/1CezFNk1): Learn the fundamentals of CSS and its role in web development, including how it interacts with HTML, its benefits, and real-world applications. Discover how CSS can be used to control the layout, appearance, and behavior of web pages, and separate presentation from structure. Gain a solid understanding of CSS and its uses in web development, mobile app development, game development, and desktop applications. - [**Setting up the development environment (HTML + CSS).**](https://spinncode.com/designs/tqh0jjLi): Set up a development environment for HTML and CSS coding by choosing a code editor like Visual Studio Code or Sublime Text, and a browser like Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox. Create a new project with basic HTML and CSS files, and set up a simple HTML structure with a DOCTYPE declaration and a link to your CSS file. Use your browser's developer tools to test and debug your code. - [**CSS syntax, selectors, and specificity.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/pxZIDapS): Discover the fundamentals of CSS syntax, selectors, and specificity. Learn how to write efficient and effective CSS code by mastering the different types of selectors, including element, class, ID, attribute, and pseudo-class selectors, and understanding how to calculate specificity to ensure the right styles are applied to your HTML elements. - [**Applying basic styles: colors, fonts, backgrounds, and borders.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/0YWhYFum): Learn the basics of CSS styling by applying colors, fonts, backgrounds, and borders to create visually appealing web pages. Discover best practices for using each property to create a solid foundation for web development projects. Master fundamental styling techniques through hands-on practice and explore additional resources for further learning. #### Lab: - [**Set up a basic webpage and apply fundamental styles using CSS.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/oH1Yf6le) #### Lab Summary: Create a basic webpage and apply fundamental styles using CSS, including structuring an HTML file and writing CSS rules to style headers, main content areas, and footers. Practice working with CSS selectors and properties to customize font families, colors, and layouts. Use developer tools to inspect and refine your webpage's styles. ### Week 2: The Box Model and Layout Fundamentals #### Topics: - [**Understanding the CSS box model: content, padding, border, and margin.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/Tq7NooPX): Mastering the CSS box model is crucial for web development, as it determines the layout of HTML elements. The box model consists of four main components: content area, padding, border, and margin, which must be calculated together to accurately determine an element's dimensions. By understanding how these components interact, developers can create responsive and visually appealing web pages. - [**Working with display properties: block, inline, inline-block, and none.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/e92SdcMp): Understanding CSS display properties is crucial for controlling layout and element appearance. This guide explores the four main display properties - block, inline, inline-block, and none - and how to apply them in CSS. By mastering these properties, developers can create effective layouts and visually appealing web pages. - [**Positioning elements: static, relative, absolute, and fixed.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/1XoUw5c5): Mastering CSS layouts involves understanding the four key positioning schemes: static, relative, relative, absolute, and fixed. By learning how these properties interact and control the placement of elements on a web page, you can create complex and customized designs. This topic provides an in-depth look at CSS positioning and its applications in web development. - [**Best practices for managing layout and spacing in modern web design.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/ncCb6hzT): Master effective layout and spacing in modern web design using Flexbox, Grid Systems, margin, padding, box-sizing, and transform properties, and elevate your website's user experience. Learn how to manage one and two-dimensional layouts, and control spacing with CSS properties like gap and grid-gap. #### Lab: - [**Create a webpage layout using the box model, positioning, and display properties.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/WHxPYzuA) #### Lab Summary: Learn how to create a simple webpage layout using the box model, positioning, and display properties in this hands-on lab-style tutorial, covering the fundamental concepts of CSS necessary for building a structured and visually appealing layout. You'll plan a layout, write HTML and CSS code, and apply styles to create a basic webpage with a header, main content area, and footer. ### Week 3: Responsive Design with Media Queries #### Topics: - [**Introduction to responsive design principles.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/NGFS3rl5): Master the principles of responsive design to create flexible and adaptable user interfaces that cater to various devices, screen sizes, and orientations. Learn how to apply responsive design techniques, including media queries, flexible images, and performance optimization, to prioritize user experience, accessibility, and performance. By following key principles and best practices, you can create effective responsive designs that adapt to different screen sizes and devices. - [**Creating mobile-first designs using media queries.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/YNU7iogR): Learn how to create mobile-first designs using media queries, allowing you to define different styles for different screen sizes and devices, and ensure a seamless user experience across various devices. You'll discover how to write effective media queries, use breakpoints to adapt your design, and prioritize important elements for improved performance and user experience. By mastering mobile-first design, you'll be able to create responsive and efficient websites that cater to diverse devices and screen sizes. - [**Using viewport units (vw, vh) and percentage-based layouts.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/sHpWISMa): Learn how to create flexible and adaptable layouts using viewport units (vw, vh) and percentage-based layouts, and discover how combining these techniques can elevate your responsive design skills. Understand how to apply viewport units for font sizing and spacing, and how to calculate percentage-based layouts relative to parent elements. Master the art of creating mobile-friendly designs that adjust to different screen sizes and devices. - [**Breakpoints and designing for different screen sizes.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/DBkCBGuA): Master responsive web design by learning about breakpoints and media queries to create layouts that adapt to various screen sizes and devices, ensuring a seamless user experience across desktop, laptop, tablet, and mobile devices. Discover the best practices for working with breakpoints, including mobile-first design, relative units, and thorough testing. Explore techniques and resources for effectively using media queries to define and refine your responsive layouts. #### Lab: - [**Develop a responsive webpage that adapts to different screen sizes using media queries.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/ATbK8HgY) #### Lab Summary: Create a responsive webpage that adapts to different screen sizes using media queries. Learn how to plan and design a responsive webpage, set up your HTML structure, define media queries, and write CSS styles that adapt to various devices. By following these steps, you can develop a fully functional and responsive webpage. ### Week 4: Flexbox: Modern Layout Techniques #### Topics: - [**Introduction to Flexbox and its advantages in modern layouts.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/xUVN30GI): Flexbox is a versatile CSS layout module that allows for the creation of flexible, responsive, and adaptive layouts with ease. It offers numerous advantages over traditional layout techniques, including flexibility, responsiveness, and simplicity, making it a perfect choice for modern web design. This technique can be applied to various layout scenarios such as navigation menus, sticky footers, and responsive images and galleries. - [**Understanding Flexbox properties: flex-direction, justify-content, align-items, etc.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/gPRFU1WI): Mastering Flexbox properties is key to creating responsive and efficient layouts. This guide covers six essential properties - `flex-direction`, `justify-content`, `align-items`, `align-content`, `flex-wrap`, and `gap` - to help you build flexible layouts with ease. - [**Creating flexible, one-dimensional layouts with Flexbox.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/3QUh5fug): Master one-dimensional layouts with Flexbox, learning how to create flexible and responsive designs using properties like flex-direction, justify-content, and align-items, and discover best practices for efficient and dynamic layouts. From basic alignment to dynamic heights and auto-margins, explore the fundamentals of Flexbox for modern web development. Whether you're building a simple header or a complex navigation bar, these techniques will help you achieve a more versatile and responsive layout. - [**Flexbox for responsive navigation bars and grids.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/cItiPpmc): Discover how to create responsive navigation bars and grids using Flexbox, a modern CSS layout technique, and learn how to adapt your designs for different screen sizes using media queries. Explore the benefits and limitations of Flexbox in real-world web design scenarios and find out how to make your layouts responsive and cross-browser compatible. #### Lab: - [**Build a responsive layout using Flexbox for flexible design components.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/v2LlgjMr) #### Lab Summary: Master flexible and responsive layouts using Flexbox. Learn key properties, such as display, flex-direction, justify-content, and flex-wrap, and how to apply media queries to target different screen sizes and devices. By understanding how to use Flexbox effectively, you can create adaptable designs that work on various devices and screen sizes. ### Week 5: CSS Grid: Advanced Layout System #### Topics: - [**Introduction to CSS Grid and its use cases.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/G48SN3Nv): Learn how to create complex, two-dimensional layouts using CSS Grid, and explore its benefits, including improved layout structure and better responsive design, with this introduction to CSS Grid covering its use cases and basic properties. Discover how to define grid containers, grid items, and control their size and position. Get started with creating responsive layouts that adapt to different screen sizes and devices using CSS Grid. - [**Defining grid containers and tracks (rows and columns).**](https://spinncode.com/designs/Gp1Bc09e): Learn how to create robust grid structures using CSS Grid by defining grid containers, tracks, and gaps. Master the essential properties and techniques for building complex, responsive layouts, including grid-template-columns, grid-template-rows, and repeat(). Discover how to create flexible and adaptable grid structures that work across different screen sizes. - [**Placing elements in a grid with grid-template-areas, grid-column, and grid-row.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/3QzZ0KSy): Mastering CSS Grid for Responsive Design: Learn how to use `grid-template-areas`, `grid-column`, and `grid-row` properties to create complex, responsive layouts with precision control over element placement. Discover how to define grid templates, place elements within specific grid cells, and create adaptive designs for different screen sizes. - [**Creating complex, responsive, two-dimensional layouts with CSS Grid.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/SBQU9hoX): Creating responsive, two-dimensional layouts with CSS Grid involves defining multiple tracks, placing items, and adapting to different screen sizes. Key techniques include using `grid-template-columns` and `grid-template-rows` properties, and applying `auto-fit` and `auto-fill` keywords for flexibility. Mastering CSS Grid enables developers to handle complex layouts more effectively than Flexbox. #### Lab: - [**Create a responsive grid-based layout for a complex webpage design.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/Rd9qH8gh) #### Lab Summary: Create a responsive grid-based layout for a complex webpage design using CSS Grid, and discover how to define a grid container, tracks, and responsive layout using media queries, with practical takeaways on placing elements in the grid and testing on different screen sizes. ### Week 6: Typography and Web Fonts #### Topics: - [**Best practices for modern web typography.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/PRQXYooS): Effective web typography is crucial for a engaging user experience. Following best practices, such as choosing a clear hierarchy, selecting readable fonts, and adjusting line height and letter spacing, can significantly improve readability and visual appeal. By implementing these techniques, web designers can create a clear, consistent, and visually appealing typography that enhances the overall user experience. - [**Working with web fonts: @font-face and Google Fonts.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/yrFhQkNl): Discover how to enhance your website's visual appeal with custom fonts using the `@font-face` rule and Google Fonts, and learn best practices for efficient web font implementation. Explore the benefits of custom fonts and how to overcome the limitations of native web fonts. - [**Responsive typography with rem, em, and fluid typography techniques.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/osxsRxQU): Improve your web design skills with responsive typography. Learn how to work with relative units like em and rem to create adaptable and accessible font sizes, and explore fluid typography techniques to adjust font sizes based on screen size or zoom level. - [**Styling text with CSS: font-size, font-weight, line-height, letter-spacing, and text-transform.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/L3ipjpPL): Mastering the art of styling text with CSS. Learn how to control font sizes, weights, line heights, letter spacings, and text transformations to create visually appealing web designs. #### Lab: - [**Apply responsive typography and custom fonts to enhance readability and design.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/ZOrOmjg1) #### Lab Summary: Create responsive typography and apply custom fonts to enhance readability and design across various devices, using relative units, media queries, and the `@font-face` property in CSS. This approach allows for flexible font sizes and line heights that adapt to different screen sizes. ### Week 7: Transitions, Animations, and Transforms #### Topics: - [**Introduction to CSS transitions and how to animate property changes.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/IS7ELq4g): Learn how to smoothly animate property changes in CSS using transitions, including defining transition properties, timing functions, and delays, and discover how to create sophisticated animations to enhance the user experience. Master techniques for multiple transitions, troubleshooting common issues, and explore best practices for effective CSS transition implementation. Create engaging and interactive web experiences with CSS transitions. - [**Using CSS animations: keyframes, animation properties, and timing functions.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/pNWXsaGu): Master the art of CSS animations by understanding keyframes, animation properties, and timing functions. Learn how to use the `@keyframes` rule, animation properties like `animation-name` and `animation-duration`, and timing functions like `ease` and `linear` to create complex animations. With practice and experimentation, you can elevate your web design skills and create engaging user experiences. - [**Transforming elements with rotate, scale, skew, and translate.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/2eWDGiiG): Mastering CSS Transforms: Learn to manipulate elements in 2D space with rotate, scale, skew, and translate functions, and discover how to combine them for complex transformations. From enhancing web designs to creating interactive effects, this overview covers the essentials of CSS transforms, including best practices and example use cases. - [**Best practices for creating smooth and performant animations.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/nWhBOV7t): To create smooth and performant animations, focus on using the GPU, optimizing properties that affect performance, and leveraging CSS animations instead of JavaScript or transitions. Best practices also include using the `will-change` property, `requestAnimationFrame`, and avoiding over-animating to enhance the user experience without compromising website performance. #### Lab: - [**Implement CSS animations and transitions to enhance user experience on a webpage.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/lrnj616i) #### Lab Summary: Enhance user experience on a webpage by learning how to implement CSS animations, transitions, and transforms. Discover the properties and techniques used to create smooth and engaging animations, and apply them to real-world projects. Practice lab exercises and challenge yourself with additional animation and transformation challenges. ### Week 8: Custom Properties (CSS Variables) and Calc() #### Topics: - [**Introduction to CSS variables and how they improve maintainability.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/Cx9gHl5n): Discover the benefits of using CSS variables to improve maintainability, increase flexibility, and enhance code organization in modern CSS development. Learn how to declare and use CSS variables for more efficient, readable, and scalable code. By leveraging custom properties, you can simplify your workflow and write more maintainable stylesheets. - [**Defining and using custom properties with the `--variable-name` syntax.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/EwGujG7J): Custom properties in CSS, also known as CSS variables, enable developers to define reusable values that can be used throughout their stylesheet. By using custom properties, developers can ensure consistency, reduce code duplication, and make maintenance easier, with benefits including easier updates and theming. With the `--variable-name` syntax and the `var()` function, developers can define and use custom properties to streamline their CSS development. - [**Using the `calc()` function for dynamic calculations.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/drdyLriv): Master dynamic calculations in CSS using the `calc()` function, which simplifies complex layouts, improves maintainability, and enables responsive designs. Explore the syntax, key concepts, and practical examples to get started with `calc()`, and learn best practices for using this powerful tool. - [**Theming with custom properties: dark mode, light mode, and beyond.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/jn2GEOZh): Learn how to create flexible and reusable themes for your web applications using custom properties in CSS. Discover how to define multiple themes, including dark mode and light mode, and switch between them using media queries or JavaScript. Explore best practices for implementing theming with custom properties to achieve visually appealing and consistent designs. #### Lab: - [**Use custom properties and the calc() function to create a theme-able webpage.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/4ht8b60m) #### Lab Summary: Learn how to create a theme-able webpage using custom properties (CSS variables) and the calc() function. This guide covers defining and using custom properties, performing dynamic calculations, and applying these techniques to create a responsive webpage. ### Week 9: CSS Preprocessors: Sass and Less #### Topics: - [**Introduction to CSS preprocessors and why they are useful.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/26QaSFmG): CSS preprocessors revolutionize web development by allowing for more efficient, modular, and reusable code. Using tools like Sass and Less can improve code organization, increase efficiency, and enhance performance. By understanding preprocessors and their benefits, developers can streamline their workflow and create better user experiences. - [**Setting up Sass in a development environment.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/7i9S6cV8): Learn how to set up Sass in your development environment and start leveraging its powerful features to write more efficient, modular, and reusable CSS code. Discover the benefits of using Sass, including improved code organization, variables, nesting, partials, and mixins, and find out how to install and compile Sass using various methods. - [**Using Sass features: variables, nesting, partials, and mixins.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/TIWkb7qw): Discover the power of Sass to streamline your CSS workflow. Learn how to use variables, nesting, partials, and mixins to write more efficient, modular code, and take your frontend development skills to the next level. - [**Compiling Sass to CSS and organizing large CSS codebases.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/2zvLHv0q): Learn how to compile Sass to CSS using tools like Scout, Gulp, and Webpack, and discover strategies for organizing large CSS codebases, including modularizing CSS and using a consistent naming convention. Perfect your CSS workflow and improve your development efficiency with these practical tips. #### Lab: - [**Write and compile Sass to create a structured, maintainable CSS architecture.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/wY1LC3Kn) #### Lab Summary: Learn how to write and compile Sass for a maintainable CSS architecture. Discover best practices for organizing code, using variables, mixins, and functions, and explore the process of compiling Sass to CSS using tools like Sass CLI or Webpack. Develop your skills with a hands-on lab exercise that puts theory into practice. ### Week 10: CSS Frameworks: Bootstrap or Tailwind CSS #### Topics: - [**Introduction to CSS frameworks and their benefits.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/DYimjvPS): CSS frameworks can simplify web development by providing pre-written code, pre-defined classes, and responsive grid systems. They offer benefits like faster development, consistency, customization, and a large community of developers for support. Bootstrap and Tailwind CSS are two popular frameworks, each with unique approaches to building responsive designs. - [**Overview of Bootstrap or Tailwind CSS for rapid UI development.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/ftZ4zQGG): Building responsive and user-friendly interfaces efficiently often involves choosing between popular CSS frameworks. Bootstrap and Tailwind CSS are two options that offer distinct approaches - Bootstrap with its pre-defined components and Tailwind with its utility-first, highly customizable design system. Understanding their key features and when to use each framework can help developers make informed decisions for their next project. - [**Using utility classes for responsive design and layout.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/SPWb0nSM): Learn how to use utility classes in Bootstrap and Tailwind CSS to create responsive designs and layouts, simplifying your development process and improving consistency. Discover the benefits and best practices for using utility classes in your projects, and explore how to customize them for unique designs. - [**Customizing frameworks for unique designs.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/0YjRXlEP): Customizing CSS frameworks like Bootstrap and Tailwind CSS allows developers to create unique designs that fit their specific needs, while still leveraging the strengths of these frameworks. By understanding how to override default styles, create custom components, and extend functionality, developers can adapt Bootstrap and Tailwind CSS to their specific use cases. To avoid common pitfalls, use the framework's customization mechanisms, keep customizations organized, and test thoroughly. #### Lab: - [**Build a responsive webpage using a CSS framework (Bootstrap or Tailwind CSS).**](https://spinncode.com/designs/w0aSjtMB) #### Lab Summary: Build a responsive webpage using Tailwind CSS, a popular CSS framework that streamlines development. Learn how to set up a new project, configure Tailwind CSS, and add styles and responsiveness to HTML elements. Discover practical takeaways for improving your web development workflow. ### Week 11: Accessibility and Performance Optimization in CSS #### Topics: - [**Understanding web accessibility and its importance.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/3JCYf3ns): Learn the importance of web accessibility in creating inclusive online experiences, and discover key principles such as perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust content. Understanding web accessibility can improve your website's usability, broaden your audience, and enhance SEO. - [**Making designs accessible: focus states, ARIA roles, and color contrast.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/H1Fp3g38): Prioritize accessibility in design by implementing focus states, ARIA roles, and sufficient color contrast to ensure usability for all users, including those with disabilities. Use the `:focus` pseudo-class, add ARIA roles to HTML elements for semantic meaning, and maintain a minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 between text and background colors. - [**Optimizing CSS for performance: minimizing file sizes, using critical CSS, and avoiding bloat.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/Zu3TJpXU): Optimizing CSS for performance is key to fast, efficient websites that deliver great user experiences. Techniques such as minimizing file sizes, using critical CSS, and avoiding bloat are crucial strategies to achieve this. By applying these methods and best practices, developers can significantly improve page load times, SEO rankings, and user engagement. - [**Tools and best practices for ensuring accessible and performant designs.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/bo7OMYpH): Optimize your website with accessibility and performance in mind. Learn best practices for meeting web accessibility guidelines and tools like WAVE, Lighthouse, and aXe to test for accessibility. Additionally, discover how to improve page load times using tools like Google PageSpeed Insights, YSLOW, and WebPageTest. #### Lab: - [**Audit a webpage for accessibility and performance issues and implement improvements.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/TombAbJ6) #### Lab Summary: Discover the essential tools and techniques for auditing webpage accessibility and performance issues, with hands-on practice in implementing improvements using CSS. Learn how to identify key issues such as color contrast, focus states, and ARIA roles, and how to optimize page load times, file sizes, and resource usage. ### Week 12: Final Project Preparation and Review #### Topics: - [**Review of advanced CSS topics covered throughout the course.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/NMf0WRKQ): Master the latest CSS techniques and prepare for your final project with a comprehensive review of key concepts, including Flexbox, CSS Grid, responsive design, typography, transitions, and more. Understand the importance of accessibility, performance optimization, and using CSS preprocessors, frameworks, and variables to streamline your workflow. Apply your knowledge with practical exercises and get ready to create modern, responsive, and efficient web designs. - [**Planning and designing the final project with a focus on responsive design and accessibility.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/lPFCbTco): Plan and design a final project incorporating responsive design and accessibility, with considerations for mobile-first design, flexibility, media queries, and content hierarchy, while prioritizing accessible color contrast, keyboard navigation, and semantic HTML. Review recommended resources and design tools to create a simple, flexible, and accessible project that prioritizes content hierarchy and keyboard navigation. - [**Best practices for writing maintainable CSS in real-world projects.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/YOI7U9kL): In real-world projects, writing maintainable CSS is crucial for efficient development. Maintainable CSS can be achieved by organizing codebases, writing efficient CSS, testing and debugging, and implementing version control. These practices simplify code, reduce bugs, and enhance collaboration among developers. - [**Q&A and troubleshooting session for final projects.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/7oKoGUQU): Troubleshoot common issues in your final CSS projects, from responsive design to typographic and color contrast problems. Learn effective troubleshooting strategies and best practices for coding, including browser developer tools, CSS validation, and code organization. With these tips, you'll overcome obstacles, refine your skills, and complete a portfolio-worthy project. #### Lab: - [**Start working on your final project, incorporating responsive design, accessibility, and performance optimizations.**](https://spinncode.com/designs/uIvlDxxj) #### Lab Summary: In this interactive project, apply the skills and knowledge gained from the Modern CSS course to create a comprehensive website or application that showcases expertise in responsive design, accessibility, and performance optimization. The project involves choosing a theme, incorporating key aspects such as media queries, semantic HTML structure, and browser caching, and following best practices for a well-organized and maintainable codebase. By completing this project, demonstrate the ability to tackle real-world challenges and create a well-rounded, modern CSS solution. ## Final Project - **Description:** Develop a fully-responsive, accessible, and performant website using modern CSS techniques learned throughout the course. The project should incorporate custom design elements, Flexbox or Grid layouts, animations, and web typography. - **Presentation:** Students will present their final projects, demonstrating how they applied modern CSS techniques to build a professional, user-friendly web design. ## Grading Breakdown - **Assignments&Labs:** 40% - **MidtermProject:** 20% - **FinalProject:** 30% - **Participation&Quizzes:** 10%

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